![]() The retinal breaks are most commonly the result of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), which is found in a large percentage of patients older than 70 years, in aphakic eyes, and in degenerative myopic eyes. Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment d. A separation of the sensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium due to fluid from the vitreous entering the subretinal space through a tear or break in the retina. serous retinal detachment secondary retinal detachment. The patient notices a loss of vision in the area of the visual field corresponding to the detached area, reduced VA if the macula is involved, and floaters if there is an associated inflammation.The elevation is smooth and convex and the subretinal fluid shifts the area which is detached when the head moves (referred to as 'shifting fluid'). Common causes are choroidal tumour, posterior uveitis, exudative age-related macular degeneration, uveal effusion syndrome, Coats' disease and central serous retinopathy. See cryotherapy macular hole metamorphopsia photocoagulation lattice degeneration of the retina retinal break retinal dialysis central serous retinopathy retinopathy of prematurity striae retinae Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Marfan's syndrome Stickler's syndrome ultrasonography familial exudative vitreoretinopathy vitreous detachment.Įxudative retinal detachment d. A separation of the sensory retina from the retinal pigment epithelium due to fluid accumulating in the subretinal space in the absence of a retinal break or preretinal traction following damage to the blood-retina barrier of the choriocapillaris. There are three main types: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, which is the most common type, exudative (serous or secondary) retinal detachment, and traction retinal detachment. Separation of the neurosensory retina from the pigment epithelium layer. Before discharge from the hospital the patient will need instruction in follow-up care, especially the correct procedure for instilling eye drops. Positioning of the patient and the level of physical activity allowed after surgery are determined by the surgeon. Preoperative and postoperative care of the patient requires a thorough knowledge of the type of detachment afflicting the patient and the surgical procedure performed. This procedure is appropriate for only certain types and locations of retinal detachment. Laser photocoagulation and/or cryopexy is then done to create inflammation within the tissues, resulting in scarring and permanent reattachment of the area(s) of torn retina. Pneumatic retropexy, the most recently developed treatment, consists of injection of air or gas into the posterior vitreous cavity, followed by positioning of the patient so that the bubble rises, presses against the area of torn retina, and pushes it back into its normal position against the choroid. Aqueous humor eventually fills the space. The purpose of the surgery is to remove vitreous that is opaque because of accumulated blood, and to stabilize the retina in apposition to the choroid. In some cases, such as vitreous hemorrhage, the surgeon performs a combined vitrectomy and humoral retinal repair. ![]() Adhesions form and bind the sensory retinal layers to these structures. Scleral buckling is another treatment, which places the retinal breaks in contact with the pigment epithelium and choroid. Scar tissue eventually forms and seals the opening. ![]() Two outpatient modes of therapy currently in use are photocoagulation, using the light source of an argon laser and cryosurgery, in which a freezing probe is used to penetrate the tissues of the eye and encircle the hole or tear in the retina. Retinal detachment is corrected surgically.
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